000			03315fam a2200277 a 4500
001			2452205
003			OSt
005			20131226105251.0
008			960731s1997 maua g b 001 0 eng
010			_a 96027649
020			_a0205260837 (pbk.)
040			_cNCL
082	0	0	_a150 _bLEV-T 1997 3608
100	1		_aLevy, David A., _d1954-
245	1		_aTools of critical thinking : _bmetathoughts for psychology / _cby David A. Levy
260			_aBoston : _bAllyn and Bacon, _cc1997.
300			_ax, 262 p. : _bill. ; _c24 cm.
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 250-256) and indexes.
505	2	0	_tForeword / _rThomas Szasz -- _tIntroduction / _rRobert Carson -- _gI. _tThe Evaluative Bias of Language: To Describe Is to Prescribe -- _gII. _tThe Reification Error: Comparing Apples and Existentialism -- _gIII. _tMultiple Levels of Description: The Simultaneity of Physical and Psychological Events -- _gIV. _tThe Nominal Fallacy and Tautologous Reasoning: To Name Something Isn't to Explain It -- _gV. _tDifferentiating Dichotomous Variables and Continuous Variables: Black and White, or Shades of Grey? -- _gVI. _tConsider the Opposite: To Contrast Is to Define -- _gVII. _tThe Similarity-Uniqueness Paradox: All Phenomena Are Both Similar and Different -- _gVIII. _tThe Naturalistic Fallacy: Blurring the Line between "Is" and "Should" -- _gIX. _tThe Barnum Effect: "One-Size-Fits-All" Personality Interpretations -- _gX. _tCorrelation Does Not Prove Causation: Confusing "What" with "Why" -- _gXI. _tBi-Directional Causation: Causal Loops, Healthy Spirals, and Vicious Cycles --
505	8	0	_gXII. _tMultiple Causation: Not "Either/Or," But "Both/And" -- _gXIII. _tDegrees of Causation: Not All Causes Are Created Equal -- _gXIV. _tMultiple Pathways of Causation: Different Causes, Same Effects -- _gXV. _tThe Fundamental Attribution Error: Underestimating the Impact of External Influences -- _gXVI. _tThe Intervention-Causation Fallacy: The Cure Doesn't Prove the Cause -- _gXVII. _tThe Consequence-Intentionality Fallacy: The Effect Doesn't Prove the Intent -- _gXVIII. _tThe "If I Feel It, It Must Be True" Fallacy: The Truth Hurts; But So Do Lies -- _gXIX. _tThe Spectacular Explanation Fallacy: Extraordinary Events Do Not Require Extraordinary Causes -- _gXX. _tDeductive and Inductive Reasoning: Two Methods of Inference -- _gXXI. _tReactivity: To Observe Is to Disturb -- _gXXII. _tThe Self-Fulfilling Prophecy: When Expectations Create Reality -- _gXXIII. _tThe Assimilation Bias: Viewing the World through Schema-Colored Glasses -- _gXXIV. _tThe Confirmation Bias: Ye Shall Find Only What Ye Shall Seek --
505	8	0	_gXXV. _tThe Belief Perseverance Effect: The Rat Is Always Right -- _gXXVI. _tThe Hindsight Bias: Predicting a Winner after the Race Is Finished -- _gXXVII. _tThe Representativeness Bias: Fits and Misfits of Categorization -- _gXXVIII. _tThe Availability Bias: The Persuasive Power of Vivid Events -- _gXXIX. _tThe Insight Fallacy: To Understand Something Isn't Necessarily to Change It -- _gXXX. _tEvery Decision Is a Trade-Off: Take Stock of Pluses and Minuses -- _tEpilogue: Concluding Meta-Metathoughts -- _tMetathoughts Summary and Antidote Table -- _gApp. 1. _t"Pervasive Labeling Disorder"
650		0	_aCritical thinking.
650		0	_aProblem solving.
650		0	_aThought and thinking.
942			_2ddc _cBK
999			_c2443 _d2443